Pategonias Expansion Strategy Essay Example for Free

Pategonias Expansion Strategy Essay1. Patagonias up-to-date Strategy Key Processes and Customer PerceptionIn the context of our course model our number one key process is our Rules and Norms (a complete breakdown of Patagonias current personal credit line model and a to-be-proposed business model argon available for review in register I). This ethos that started with the being of Chouinard Equipment continued through the creation of Lost Arrow and indeed Patagonia.Our self-proclaimed dirtbag culture has resulted in some atypical business practices over the years. We pride ourselves on our efforts to reduce the mixer and environmental impact of the lifetime of the goods and services we produce. This is something that our competitors recognize but do not nidus efforts on for us it is of the ut approximately importance. I took this liberty to draft a Customer Value Proposition (CVP) for our current model We provide high quality, long-lasting alfresco athletic clothing and accessories that atomic number 18 produced with a high standard for environmental and social impact. We make the harvestings that we want to use.To extrapolate on the latter plenty of our CVP, we expect our employees to not only share in the environmental and social consciousness that Mr Chouinard has weaved into the culture of Patagonia but we expect employees to be users of our harvest-times as well. This gives us an unthinkable insight into the functionality and durability of our products. This is exemplified in our generous sabbaticals and midday surfing breaks at our corporate headquarters. Additional insight in this regard is provided by our investment in brand ambassadors, who also provide us with the core of our visual foodstuffing in our catalogs, our website, and social media.In order of volume we move our products through trinity main channels sweeping, retail, catalog/internet. In order of profitability the channels are arranged as such retail, catalog/internet1, and wholesale. There is an additional product holdfast arm of Patagonias structure that at the moment is not profitable.Our inscription to the ethical fiber that binds the core of what Patagonia as a brand stands for results in a product that comes at a premium price, however we believe that the money you spend on Patagonia products is a contribution to our commitment for care when it comes to the environments and social spheres within which we operate. So far we imbibe seen success as shown below.2. Financial Review of genuine Business forgeThe competition analysis in Exhibit III outlines our industries averages for financial health. It would seem that our dirtbag approach to business has boded well for us over the last ten years. While our total market share (annual sales) is far below the industry average over every(prenominal) the company is making money. Our rough profit margin is over 6% higher than the industry average and our pre-tax profit margin is right in line w ith the industry average.While Patagonias ROE and ROA are below the industry average it is not my much and our debt to equity ratio is far below the industry average. So while we holds more equity and assets on hand than our competitors we has enough liquid cash fertilise to finance operations without having to incur much debt. Our 12 month revenue outgrowth is trending along with the industry however our 12 month net growth income is nearly 13% higher than our competitors.Thus while we are experiencing growth that is on par with the industry we are experiencing a downward turn in our operating and/or framework costs. It should be noted that the information here is of companies who compete in our industry but not exclusively. Columbia is the competitor that competes most directly with our niche in the industry and on every account except for debt/equity our numbers are favorable and even in the eccentric of debt/equity the difference is negligible.The standards for philanthrop y and an ethical purview for production and material sourcing at Patagonia are much higher than the industry average. We donate 1% of gross sales to environmental initiatives and causes, and our COGS are higher than competitors as a result of our ethical stance. However, once again (as shown in Lost Arrow Financials, Exhibit III) we gull been operating in the black for the last decade.This may also be explained by our company ethic. We focus on a curbing of consumption and that focus has limited how much we are leaveing to spend on advertizing. Conversely our competition holds advertisement as a high priority when establishing sales and brand. This mirror image is not trivial and could more than account for the balance between our costs and those of our competitors.3. Moving ForwardAs discussed the current model for Patagonia works. You slew be a dirtbag and make make money. The question is how do we continue on with the goal of 10% growth per year for the next five years? What ever we occupy we must(prenominal) operate within that moral fiber that helped us to achieve who we are today. Following are two suggestions for how to move forward, one uses our current business model, the other proposes a change. Please reference Exhibit I for business model analysis and Exhibit II for strategy.Strategy Current Business ModelTactic One A Focus on Retail Our best margins are derived from retail sales however this accounts for exclusively one third of our sales volume. The best type of marketing asset we have are our retail employees. Our Dirtbag Ambassadors are out there skiing, snowboarding, climbing, camping, bouldering, and living the life that Patagonia wants to be an integral dampen of.We must expand our retail channel and focus on those areas where dirtbags convene. A quick review of the 26 stores in the United States can be found in Exhibit V. Portland, Seattle, St. Paul, Chicago, Atlanta, DC. Sure dirtbags live in cities but where are our stores in Tel luride, Tahoe, Bend, Cheyenne, or Buffalo? An expansion of our retail stream increases profitability as well as the reach of our marketing, the Patagonia way. These are the places our competitors dont wants stores for lack of traffic, but our stores are more than commerce they are community centers for dirtbags.Tactic 2 Research and Development Our industry ethic has produced one of the best research and development laboratories in the industry. We can supplement this in two ways. First and world-class we must fund research to produce material with the ethical and physical integrity that also helps lower our gross margins. We have pioneered ethical durable material in the industry, now we must find a way to do so cheaper.Doing so would open up the market for those dirtbags who dont have as much money and would normally go to a competitor based on price point. Second we hold patents for these materials we could offer to sell material to other outdoor companies, or begin a joint v enture. In either of these cases we must make sure that the material we produced is being utilized in an end product that is up to the standards of Patagonia.Strategy Two A New Business ModelThere comes a time in a business life when you have to ask While what we are doing has worked, how long will it work? To achieve the goal of 10% growth per year we may have to think orthogonal of our wheelhouse and think about how committed we are to our ethical and social standards. As long as we continue to produce more clothing people will buy it. As it stands our customer base has expendable income. How can we convince them to only buy what we emergency? Through an expansion of our clothing fasten services and clothing swap market. A case is made for the business model change in Exhibit I.Tactic One Expansion of hearten and Retail It is not our goal to abandon what has made Patagonia the company it is today, thus once again we will need to expand retail stores however we do so in a way that will facilitate clothing mess. Each store should have a mending workshop staffed and equipped to repair what comes their way. To really take advantage of this service we must willing to mend non-Patagonia clothing.This will do two things it will reduce the overall number of superfluous purchases in our market and it will introduce people to the Patagonia lifestyle through our retail store. These store can also facilitate a recycling political program for those articles of gear that are beyond repair. Something as simple as an in store credit can get people who would otherwise go to Nike companionship Patagonia CA. Additionally the expanded retail presence will be an opportunity to create a network for clothing swapsTactic Two Expansion of inner Repair Expand the repair infrastructure behind retail presence. That is to say, as opposed to expanding retail and having repair work centers in-store, invest in larger repair facilities that stores can send garments to. In our cur rent business model we are reaching critical mass with regard to how much clothing repair we can handle. If we strategically place lager facilities near our exiting stores we can handle this work load our selves. This also ensures that the materials and process of clothing repair is within the ethical carriage of our company without having to do audits of our outsourced partners.The clothing repair infrastructure for our market is basically nonexistent at this point and with research and development focused on this new business model we can create and dominate this market. This will once again involve repairing more than just Patagonia products but in the end thats what this business model is about. To survive and grow into the next decade we must not just reduce the consumption of our customer base but we must reduce the consumption of our competitors as well. When a dirtbag holds on to a coat for another year he helps reduce Patagonias impact on the earth and its inhabitants. Wh en Patagonia repairs a Columbia or North Face coat and it lasts for another year we have slowed the consumption of unethically produced clothes and possibly created another dirtbag.Exhibit I Four Components of Business Model Framework (Johnson, Christensen, Kagerman)Customer value proposition (CVP)Current Providing high quality durable outdoor athletic clothing and accessories (CA) produced with a high standard for environmental and social impact. Proposed In addition to production, engage the consumer in the environmental and social impact of their outdoor athletic CA by involving them in the maintenance/repair/swap of CA. Profit formulaRevenue modelCurrent Standard industry mark up on goods sold. Proposed trim down the price of goods sold and devote a small fee for repairs or continue with current price structure charge cost for repairs of Patagonia clothing/accessories, charge premium repair rates for non-Patagonia clothing and accessory repair. Cost structureCurrent COGS = 80% materials 20% parts with a wholesale margin of 45% and a retail margin of 65% Proposed A modified cost structure that emphasizes retail sales and profits off of repairs Margin modelCurrent Largest channel of sales in wholesale 44%, second retail 33%, and finally Catalog/internet 23% Proposed Shift focus from wholesale to retail/catalog/internet sales, add additional emphasis on repair cost structure for maximum profitabilityResource velocityCurrent In general keeping inventory exhausts resources, something which Patagonia wants to minimize. Thus production should match as close to demand as possible. Assets should be available, although they do not need to be incredibly liquid. Proposed Same as current model.Key resources.Current People There is a certain type of person who works for Patagonia. ideally a person who works at Patagonia is the ideal consumer of their goods. Brand With a unfaltering brand associated with high environmental and social standards combined with a strong d islike of standard advertising channels for the industry the reputation Patagonias brand has gained is remarkable (this is achieved through the people they employ as well).Technology Their ethical commitment to responsible sourcing and production has resulted in some profitable patents of great CA material. Proposed The current Key Resources should not be lost but the Technology will shift to the new business model a focus on materials , threads, and substances for repair. Additionally there would be a re-purposing of Facilities to reflect this model change as well.Key processes.Current Rules and Norms Patagonias Rules and Norms inform every aspect of their business and it is no different when it comes to their Key Processes. So while manufacturing, service, and training are all important, it all comes down to the Rules and Norms. Propsed This would not change.When a new business model is needed.1. The opportunity to address through disruptive innovation the needs of large groups o f potential customers who are shut out of a market entirely because existing solutions are too expensive or complicated for them. The product repair market is just this. As it stands now such jackets tend to be luxury purchases as they hobbies they are designed for are not generally cheap ones to keep.2. The opportunity to trespass on a brand new technology by wrapping a new business model around it or the opportunity to leverage a tested technology by bringing it to a whole new market Patagonia isnt capitalizing on a new technology when it comes to CA per se but the market could motivate their RD department to develop a technology that could be incorporated into the repair model. 3. The opportunity to bring a job-to-be through with(p) focus where one does not yet exist The expansion of clothing repair for Patagonia and other non-Patagonia CA provides a real opportunity for an existing market that consumers may not know they need. It creates a job to be done (clothing repair as op posed to replacement). 4. The need to fend off low-end disrupters.Patagonia would be a low end disrupter in the repair market repair is cheaper than replacement. 5. The need to respond to a shifting basis of competition. Patagonia would be shifting the basis of competition.

Sociology of Humor Essay Example for Free

Sociology of humor EssayHumor is an heavy part of everyday interaction. It serves mainly as a social lubricator that creates a lighter atmosphere between a speaker and an audience. Provided that it is non provoke offensive behavior, humor tail be use upd as a first step towards building individual relationships. A more relaxed ambiance between people, in turn, is conducive to friendliness.In the sociological context, however, humor has more important functions. It allows people to express their innermost feelings and opinions without offending a given status quo. In addition, it operates as a coping mechanism by paving the dash for the normalization of crises. Lastly, it is a means of transmitting group glossiness to new members (Drew, Mills and Gassaway, 2007).Whats So Funny? The Foundation and Dynamics of HumorHumor is the result of (the divergence between) the conventional and the unconventional (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). A laugh is regarded as funny when its reint erpretation of a protagonist or an event sharply contrasts those of preexisting concepts and schemata (Kubovy, 2003). tho the teller of the gag must be able to specifically point out this difference at the proper time (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). Otherwise, the yarn might not be able to fulfill its objective of generating humor.The listener, meanwhile, must be able to identify and understand the conflicting elucidations of a given reality in the joke that is being told to him or her. Reconciling these opposing interpretations is the only way he or she can understand the gag. Comprehending the yarn, in turn, satisfies the listener in the sense that he or she receives an insider status (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). He or she establishes rapport with twain the teller of the joke and all the different people who understand it as well.It must be noted, however, that a funny joke is entirely different from a demeaning wiz. Humiliating jokes in general argon thinly disguised differenti atements of intolerance against opposite races, ethic backgrounds, religions, the opposite gender and or individuals of different sexual orientations (Voors, 2000). These gags convey their message of hatred usually by perpetuating negative stereotypes about parties that argon deemed to be different. Below are some examples of demeaning jokesa. Question What is the difference between a Jew and a meat pie?Answer A meat pie does not belly laugh when it is put in the oven.b. Question Why is a womans pussy resembling a warm toilet seat?Answer They both feel good, but you wonder who was there before you.c. Question What is the difference between a Catholic priest and acne?Answer Acne does not come on a boys face until he is 12 years old.The Functions of HumorIt would be fair to say that humor operates as a safe valve in human interactions (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). Even the most taboo subjects become discussable when jokes are made about them. Its desensitizing ability likewise allo ws humor to become a non-threatening means of understanding the culture of a given troupe. Gags, after all, can express sentiments that might be dangerous to relationships within a certain society when discussed seriously.Satire Humor as a Cynical Commentary on SocietySatire is one of the most popular forms of humor. Its fame stems largely from the fact that it can ridicule the cruelest tyrants without the danger of retaliation. The Zairians, for instance, came up with the following joke to criticize the incompetent, corrupt and repressive regime of their former leader Mobutu Sese SekoGet yourself a leopard hat like the late Zairian President Mobutu wore, as Africans believe that their leaders are untamed lions, tigers or leopards. (p. 29)By turning social issues such as political scandals and state repression of mass media into objects of comedy, the satirical pun also succeeds in convincing apolitical groups to ponder about the real state of their nation. Indeed, in the context o f satire, euphemism and laughter are the most effective means of unveiling inconvenient truths. People, after all, will not react negatively to a joke unless they have something to hide.Dont Worry, Be HappyHumor is likewise an effective method of stabilizing predicaments. Jokes that focus on particular professions validate this observation. The gag below pokes fun at how law enforcers deal with hardened criminalsA local policeman had secure finished his shift one cold November evening and was at home with his wife.You just wont believe what happened this evening, in all my years on the force Ive never seen anything like it.Oh yes dear, what happened?I came across 2 guys down by the canal, one of them was drinking battery acid and the new(prenominal) was eating fireworks.Drinking battery acid and eating fireworks What did you do with them?Oh that was easy, I charged one and let the other off. (n. pag.)It is very obvious that being a cop is a very dangerous job. Most criminals that cops come across with will not hesitate to use violence just to be able to escape arrest. Getting injured or killed in the line of duty is already a fact of disembodied spirit for a law enforcer.Humor, therefore, allows cops to share common experiences and raise job-related concerns that might not be expressed properly in a more somber setting. In the process, group solidarity is promoted they are able to share a communal relationship by laughing at each other without malice. Furthermore, they get the assurance that they are not alone in their work-related dilemmas (Drew, Mills and Gassaway, 2007).A Funny WelcomeJokes that tackle the norms of a society can actually provide valuable insights on its culture. Norms, after all, reflect what a community considers to be right and wrong. Readers can learn a thing or two about Russian norms and culture in the following jokeThe math instructor calls Petya up to the blackboard.Imagine that your father has borrowed a hundred rubles from a neighbor, says the teacher, and has promised to give the money back in two weeks. The first week he gives back forty rubles. How much would he give back the second week?None at all, replies Petya.What do you mean, none at all? the teacher asks, surprised. You werent listening properly. Let me repeat imagine that your father has borrowed a hundred rubles and promised to repay the money in two weeks. The first week he gives back forty rubles. How much would he give back the second week?None at all repeats Petya.Oh, Petya, the teacher is annoyed. You dont know the simplest arithmeticAnd you dont know my father (n. pag.)This gag reveals the communal nature of Russian culture. Centuries of agricultural village life and decades of communist rule instilled in Russians the incorporated mentality. They are therefore bound by tradition to help one another without expecting anything in return. In Russian culture, in fact, being asked by soulfulness to do a favor for him or her is an indicato r that you have a close relationship with him or her. For the Russians, being asked to do a favor for others is a sign of dependability and trustworthiness (Kwintessential, n.d.).ConclusionHumor is more than just a social lubricant that creates a lighter atmosphere between a speaker and an audience. It likewise serves as a venue for people to discuss important concerns in a non-threatening manner. By laughing at each other and at their problems without ill intent, they are able to instill among themselves a sense of unity. Even by just making fun of their predicaments, they are already exerting a collective effort to do something about these.But while laughing at grave matters is good, it is still much better to actually solve them. later the amusement has died down, the hungry still has to be fed, the sick still has to be treated and the criminals have to be made to face their crimes. When people live in a safe and just society, they are happy because really feel so and not becaus e they just want to run away from their problems. In the process, their laughter would be merrier and more genuine.

The Impact Of Elvis Presley Film Studies Essay

The Impact Of battery-acid Presley Film Studies EssayBefore Elvis, there was nothing, John Lennon is in alleged to take in once said. When Elvis Presley recorded his firstborn official single Thats All Right Mama on 5 July 1954, the world changed forever. Elvis was a evidentiary and extraordinary catalyst for vast cultural transformation in mid-fifties America. Professor Stephen Hinerman sums this up as building the populist base of rock n roll by mixing black and white euphonys articulating the sound of a youth rebellion taking rock music into the world of traditional cheer leveling that a rock career could sustain longevity with a confident fan base practically inventing the idea of rock music sell out.1This demonstrates how Elvis impacted America in immeasurable ways. However author Greil Marcus believes that the enormity of his impact on culture, on billions of people, was never really clear when he was alive it was mostly hidden.2Therefore in complete hindsight, this e ssay will evaluate a few of the foremost ways Elvis impacted on 1950s America looking at the impact on music, race and class, performance, g displaceer, sex and teenagers, marketing and counterfeit and idiot box and cinema.Firstly, it is fundamental to look at Elviss music style, his records and the radio. During the 1950s Elvis released sixty-six singles, nine albums, and spent fifty-nine weeks at Billboard number one.3His best-selling single was Dont Be Cruel/Hound heel (1956) which sold six million copies by the end of the decade and was at number one for eleven weeks.4These overwhelming statistics portray the popularity of Elviss music and begin to foreground the impact his music had on 1950s America. Author Albert Goldman states that Elviss phonograph records were important to his success but the public has first to discover these records. Almost invariably this crucial discovery was made through the radio.5Indeed, Elvis had a huge impact on the radio in terms of radio play , music genre, and target audience. Elviss style was an unkn declare up-tempo combination of rockabilly, country, pop, gospel and rhythm and color. This ground-breaking amalgamation combined with a strong backbeat became the sound of rock n roll and the sound of a overbold generation. The sign reaction to Elviss music on the radio was racial. Hinerman says that Elvis was visibly lower class and symbolismically blackhe represented an unassimilated white underclass that had been forgotten by mainstream suburban America more accurately, he represented a middle-class caricature of poor whites. He was sleazy.6In 1950s America, his racial and social impact was sudden. Elviss obit in The Times states that period saw an irrevocable change in the balance of American society.7This balance became mainly racial as when Elvis was first played on the radio many listeners assumed that he must be black and had to ask the DJ. Elviss musical influences of typically African-American rhythm and blues sparked huge debates that occur to this day, as this was unheard-of for a white singer in the 1950s. On one hand Elvis popularized black culture to the masses, promoting par and desegregation, but on the other hand some people believe Elvis self-interestedly stole their music and sexualised performance style. Elvis even admitted The colored folks been singing it and playing it just deal Im doin now, man for more years that I knownobody paid it no mind til I goosed it up. I got it from them.8This impacted 1950s America as many prejudiced white adults strongly believed Elviss black musical style would corrupt the white youth with his vulgar dancing and crazy, animalistic rhythm. Many black performers credit Elvis with promoting their music to 1950s America allowing for future success. Singer Little Richard said He was an integrator. Elvis was a blessing. They wouldnt let black music through. He opened the door for black music.9Similarly singer Al Green agreed He broke the ice for all of us.10Elviss astonishing musical impact is depicted in that he is the only artist in four Halls of Fame Rock and Roll (1986), Country (1998), Gospel (2001) and Rockabilly (2007).Elviss infrastructure performance style had an enormous impact on 1950s America, redefining gender, fan culture and instigating sexual liberation. In a decade of strong sexual repression, Elviss sweat, gyrating spring moves, and energetic, uninhibited performance style stirred the 1950s female audience. At one of his first performances in July 1954, Elviss nervousness and the strong back rhythm of his music, take him to shake his leg which was further emphasized by his wide cut pants. When females began uncontrollably squall, Elvis became conscious of the reaction he was creating. He said my omnibus told me they were hollering because I was wiggling my legs. I went back out for an encore and I did little more, and the more I did, the wilder they went.11He had soon perfected this proficiency t o fully affect the female audience. He learnt to slow down and speed up in anticipation and to wind them up until they were in such zeal he would exit the building and with no encore leave them wanting more. The hysterical, fainting, worshipping fan-girls were a relatively new concept in 1950s America, and Elviss all-consuming control he had over his fans transformed the music industry and the fan phenomenon. In 1956, Reporter Lionel Crane wrote what a frenzy this boy can stir up. Ive never seen anything like it. When Elvis sings it isnt just a case of a few girls sighing and going swoony or stamping and shouting. I saw him send 5,000 of them into a mass fit of screaming hysterics.12Likewise Goldman describes five thousand shrill female voices come in on cue. The screeching reaches the intensity of a jet engine. When Elvis comes striding out on stage with his butchy walk, the screams suddenly escale. They switch to hyper-space.13There are thousands of these accounts of Elviss impac t on the 1950s female audience he had become a sex symbol. Hinerman believes the reason out for this was that you would never marry him the romance would never end in the tedium of marriage.14This makes sense in a society with rigid social norms and gender roles as Elvis was a safe, dream-like escape for many girls. Jealous teenage boys however, hated Elvis and he regularly received violent threats. Older males detested the exertion Elviss pelvis was having. Critic George Melly said Elvis was the master of the sexual simile, treating his guitar as both phallus and girl.15Similarly, television host Ed Sullivan believed he was unfit think for 1950s families as hes got some kind of device hanging down below the crotch of his pants-so when he moves his legs back and forth you can see the blueprint of his cockI think its a Coke bottle.16Sullivan later paid him a record $50,000 to appear on his show, which was watched by an unprecedented sixty million people.17These colossal figures s how Elviss impact on American mass society in the 1950s.Elvis opened the generation gap, impacting 1950s America by establishing the teenagers identity, choice, consumption power and fashion. Marcus believes Elvis fitted the necessity existing in every culture that leads it to produce a perfect, all-inclusive metaphor for itselffreedom, limits, risk, authority, sex, repression, youth, age, tradition, novelty, guilt and the escape from guilt.18Therefore as he fitted the new generation metaphor he changed society. Journalist Maureen Orth remembers that my aunt told me how foolish I was to sit screaming with joy at the spectacle of that vulgar singer on TV. It was then(prenominal) I knew that she and I lived in different worlds, and it was then that kids bedroom doors slammed all over America.19Elvis reached an entire generation. In his obituary The Times said he was responsible, more than any other entertainer, for the manifestation of what has since come to be called the generation gap a youth which spoke its own language had its own heroes, its own music and its own standards.20His music touched the youth with lyrics focusing on the teen world of fashion, all the emotions, love and oppression. Goldman highlights this stating that Heartbreak Hotels grotesquely exaggerated and histrionic quality matched perfectly the hysterically self-pitying mood of millions of teenagers, who responded by making the record an instant and immense success.21Elvis impacted America by becoming a spokesman for a generation and embodying and representing youth spirit.The establishing of a generation gap meant that teenagers began to create their own separate culture led by Elvis. An increase in spending money meant purchasing power and alongside buying his records, Elviss iconic look impacted the conservative and conformist 1950s America in terms of fashion and appearance. Goldman summarises Elvis was the flip side of this clean-cut conventional male image. His fish-belly white co mplexion, so different from the healthy tan of the beach boys his brooding Latin eyes, let out shaded with mascara the broad fleshly contours of his face, with the Greek nose and the thick, twisted lips the long greasy hair, thrown forward in his face by his jerking motions.22His unusual looks and alien mixed heritage meant he instantly became a style icon. He started a trend for black slacks, pegged pants, loose, open-necked shirts and brightly coloured sharp suits which were all exceedingly anti-parent and even had African-American influences. For males hair, the short and neat military-style crew cut was preferred by parents and adults. Elvis had the complete opposite. His dyed black, heavily-greased, pompadour-style D.A cut with heavy sideburns instantly became the symbol of a delinquent bad-boy. This soon resulted in hair length limitations in many schools as males across America wanted the same female standoff that Elvis received. Teenager spending power is also depicted i n the sales of Elvis fan souvenirs. By 1956, his merchandise alone reached $22 million which was extraordinary at the time.23The 1950s collectables ranged from posters, lobby cards, bubble gum cards, lipsticks, perfume, jewellery (including a dog tag with his serial number on), sneakers, hats, scarves, record players, guitars and a solicit range (autograph book, diary, scrapbook and photo album) to name but a few. This commercialisation was revolutionary and illustrates the impact Elvis had.1950s America was undergoing conversion from the monopoly of cinema to substantial television growth and Elvis reined power over both however I will focus on his extensive movie career. In 1956 Elvis sign a seven year contract with Paramount Pictures and initiated his impact on American cinema. His first film Love Me Tender added four musical total to capitalize on the one million advanced orders of the Love Me Tender single.24The film generated $540,000 in its first week and had made $4.5 mil lion by the end of the year.25He continued on to release Loving You, Jailhouse Rock (grossing $4 million in the year) and King Creole.26Elvis strongly influenced film-making and revolutionised the genre of the musical. Goldman believes Elviss temperament lies in combining the movie myth of the menacing teenager with rock n roll music so as to create a strong new performance idiom appropriate to that wild new form of entertainment, the rock concert.27Elviss films produced numerous iconic moments, showed the importance of star power and their impact is illustrated in their posthumous endurance.In conclusion it is clear to see a small part of the vast impact Elvis had on 1950s America. From his revolutionizing of music in terms of race and class, his radical and sexual performance style, his splitting of the generations and genders, his fan culture, influence and marketing, to his unique movie career establishing a whole new genre of filmmaking, this essay has attempted to show how E lvis changed American history. Composer Leonard Bernstein believes Elvis is the greatest cultural force in the twentieth century. He introduced the beat to everything and he changed everything music, language, clothes, its a whole new social revolution.28His impact is immeasurable and unequalled. Elvis Presley was the turning point, permanently transforming culture. He will continue to be of the greatest social meaning for years to come because as Marcus said He changed history as such, and in doing so became history.29Word Count 2,013

Tunku Abdul Rahman

Tunku Abdul RahmanWho is Tunku Abdul RahmanTunku Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj was born on February 8 1903 at Istana Pelamin, Alor Setar, Kedah. He was the twentieth child and seventh son of grand Turk Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, the twenty-fourth Sultan of Kedah.1 His mother on the other hand, Paduka Seri Cik Manjalara was the daughter of a Siamese nobleman, Luang Noraborirak.In 1909, Abdul Rahman received his early education at a Malay Primary shoal before being tranferred to the Government English School, which is currently known as the Sultan Abdul Hamid College. Following that, he was sent to the Debsirin School in Bangkok. A Kedah affirm Scholarship awarded to him in 1920 took him to England to further his studies. In England, he read History and Law at St. Catherines College, Cambridge. He successfully obtained his Bachelor of Arts Degree in 1925.While studying at England itself, his flair for leadership was made apparent due to the lack of representation of Malay students at the in stitution by any(prenominal) clubs or organisations. Abdul Rahman remedied the problem by establishing the Kesatuan Melayu Great Britain (Malay Association of Great Britain). He held the post of Secretary.Upon his return to Malaya, he served the Kedah Civil Service as a plebe in the Legal Advisors Office. Following that, he served as a District policeman in Kuala Nerang, Langkawi, Sungai Petani, and fin onlyy in Kulim.2 Abdul Rahman was the only Malay District Officer at that time. This made him widely unpopular amongst many British officials. However, no action was taken by the British Administration in Kedah, as he was of royal lineage.Unfortunately, his attempt at completing his legal studies at the Inner Temple in England came to a halt due to the outbreak of World contend II. He resumed his studies at the Inner Temple soon after and qualified for the Bar. On his return to Malaya, he was appointed as a Deputy usual Prosecutor. During the nationalistic battle against the Malay an Union, Tunku Abdul Rahman joined the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO). He proved to be very popular amongst party members and was later on appointed as Chairman of UMNO Kedah in 1948.On August 26 1951, Tunku became the UMNO President. Following that, he formed a political alliance with the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA). This political alliance was later joined by the Malayan Indian Congress (MIC) in 1955. This political alliance was called the confederation Party. That same year, the Alliance Party won the first federal general elections. Tunku Abdul Rahman was elected as the first Chief Minister of Malaya.In 1955, Tunku lead a delegation to England to carry on with the British government for the independence of Malaya. This lead to the signing of the Independence Treaty at Lancaster House in London on February 8 1956.3 On the thirty-first of August 1957, the British flag was lowered in Kuala Lumpur and the Malaya flag was raised in its place. Tunku Abdul Rahman l ed the crowd at Dataran Merdeka in announcing Merdeka (Independance). This will forever reside a historical moment in Malaysian history.It cannot be argued that one of Tunkus greatest acheivements was the formation of Malaysia, comprising of the Federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Singapore. However, due to several political issues, the federation of all these terra firmas, excluding Brunei was formed on the 16th of September 1963. Tunku Abdul Rahman was restyled as Prime Minister of Malaysia. 4Unfortunately, the racial factor only worsened with the inclusion of Singapore, raising the Chinese population close to 40%.5 On August 7, 1965, Tunku Abdul Rahman announced to the Malaysian Parliament to vote yes on the resolution to remove Singapore from the federation. Singapore officially acheived independance on 9 August 1965.Following the racial riots of May 13, many UMNO leaders were critical of Tunku Abdul Rahmans leadership and an emergency committee, MAGERAN took po wer and declared a state of emergency. On 22 September 1970, Tunku Abdul Rahman was coerced into resigning as Prime Minister and was succeeded by Tunku Abdul Razak. Following that, he then resigned as UMNO President on June 1971 amidst severe opposer from the Young Turks, comprising of Mahathir Muhammad and Musa Hitam.6Aside from the formation of Malaysia, Tunku withal had a many other acheivements. Other than making Islam the state religion in 1960, he also established the Islamic Welfare Organisation (PERKIM), an organisation helping newly converted Muslims adjust to their lives as Muslims.7 Tunku also helped establish the Organisation of Islamic conference (OIC), of which he was also the Secretary General.An avid sprtsman, Tunku was a huge fan of football. This led him to become the President of the football game Association of Malaya, President of The Asian Football Confederation and President of the Asian Badminton Confederation. He also supported Semangat 46, a splinter gr oup of UMNO led by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah.8Tunku Abdul Rahman passed away on 6 declination 1990 at the age of eighty-seven. He was laid to rest at the Langgar Mausoleum at Alor Setar.FOOTNOTE1. Wikipedia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman, accessed 17 evidence 2010.2. Sejarah Malaysia, Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj, URL http//sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my/portalBI/detail.php?section=sm02spesifik_id=95ttl_id, accessed 17 March 2010.3. Perdana.Org, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL http//www.perdana.org.my/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=184Itemid=124, accessed 17 March 20104. Prime Ministers if Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj, URL http//www.primeministersofmalaysia.net/1.php, accessed 17 March 20105. Wikipedia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman, accessed 17 March 2010.6. Wikipedia, Tunku Abdul Rahman, URL http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman, accessed 17 March 2010.7. cyberspace Malaysia, Tunk u Abdul Rahman, URL http//www.networkmalaysia.com/subtitle/people/TunkuAbdulRahman.htm, accessed 17 March 20108. State University.Com, Tunku Abdul Rahman (Putra Alhaj) Early life, Early political career, Road to independence, Prime Minister, Involvements in Islam, Later life, Family, URL http//encyclopedia.stateuniversity.com/pages/22669/Tunku-Abdul-Rahman-Putra-Alhaj.html, accessed 18 March 2010.

The Roles And Responsibility Of A Teacher

The Roles And Responsibility Of A instructorIntroductionThis report is designed to succor an individual who wishes to be employed in the instill field. The main stress of this report go out be on primary school teaching. The report pull up stakes talk about the key entry requirements that be wishinged, the key issues and policies that ar usually required and a summary on what would make this profession considered an attractive occupation and why it would be recommended.RationaleThe report is designed to help any individual to know what they are looking for when deciding to join the professional field of primary teaching.MethodsThe methods that were use to find information on the report was mainly from internet sources, books and journal,ResultsThe Roles and Responsibility of a instructorThe roles and the responsibilities that a teacher moldiness have are that they must be able to maintain a professional manner when working with children. They besides must have a high ex pectation from the parent and the children. The parents ask that their child do very sound compared to other school. The teacher must in any case have the updated companionship of any up coming or current polices regarding the children. (teachernet.gov.uk/ Standards 2007) According to Teachernet (2007) it also explains that the teacher must also have the ability to work together as a team and must also be expected to work longer hours if required. They also must be able to use different ranges of strategies to help develop children abilities. Like help develop knowledge and understanding for example. Support those who need centering on their gyping methods. Establish safe environments for everyone ensure what is happening in the classroom and outside as well. They must have a mature knowledge of literacy and numeracy skills and IT skills as well.Teachers must also mark assessments to the correct requirement and make sure that the marking is approved by the second marker.Entry Requirement for the teacherTo become a teacher the standard entry requirement that a person must have is GCSE five A- C in Maths, English and Science. A CRB (Criminal Records Bureau) and experience with working with children. These are the standard that the person working towards teaching must have.The next stage would be to achieve a QTS Qualified Teacher Status by doing ITT Initial Teacher Training. There are several routes to ITT.Postgraduate pathWith a degree or similar in a relevant subject for the primary National Curriculum, a PGCE Postgraduate Certificate of Education could be a good route. You eject study by place learning on a flexible basis, two years part-time or one year full-time.SCITT School-Centred Initial Teacher TrainingSCITT is a classroom-based tuition programme taking one year and normally leading on to the PGCE qualification. You need a degree to qualify.Employment-based routesYou could gain QTS in a school sequence working on a trainee salary along a programme shown belowGTP Graduate Teacher Programme (you must have a degree) RTP Registered Teacher Programme (you must have degree, BTEC HND or two years of a degree)OTTP Overseas Trained Teacher Programme (you must have a non-EU teaching qualification equivalent to a UK degree).The military issue of employment-based programme places is limited and a great deal of competition exists.(Careerguide.com 2010)There also will be preparedness requirement throughout the person career. It can depend on what the person needs help on.Government Policies and IssuesOne current issue that the teachers are liner is the abolishing of the SATS. There have been talks about how the government wishes to get rid of the year Six SATS. In the Teachers Nut magazine Dec 09, it gives an article about how the teachers wanted to boycott the Sats as they felt that the children are presumption too much pressure.An article written by Sarah Lyons in Nut magazine 09, shows a survey where they found the l atest teacher workload and how much they are tackling it. The survey looks at the different ranges that the teacher must do. One of the common problems that arose was that the teachers had spendthrift workload and that there was a limit of 48hrs and that the teachers were going well above to fit all of these. Also there was an issue of amount of task that they were given to fit and try to get the student to do.Every Child Matters 2004 (ECM) is a green paper which shares programmes to help support and improve the outcomes of young children from the ages 0-19 years. With this it provides how the child should be treated in schools and make sure that they are safe wherever they are. Although it is a law paper, it is really useful as it can help offer the relationship between the teacher and student, be own if the child is feeling insecure it can encourage the child to talk to the teacher.In the journal written by Johnston 99, the number of males entering the primary teaching field has decrease compared to female. They explain that the male are more pressure to be seen in a more manful field as the teaching field is more feminine, as the teaching field need more of a caring environment which tend to be more female This make the males feel that they have to compete for a position which they must show that they can be caring as a female. The journal explains how men feel pressured into more masculine roles as teaching has been stereotyped as a female field. As a result these cause men to feel that they have to compete for the position, which they must need to show that they are caring just like women.Curtis, 2009 explains that the head teachers of primary schools are ask parents to not believe the league tables as it is it is not reliable. This is because the table shows some of the children potential. Primary teachers are complaining that the children are not being shown their full potential. It also shows the difference between schools and undermine their child education as other students would resort to bullying when they find that the student go to a bottom school.The media is move pressure on the teachers as they are complaining that the students are not doing well. They are making the teachers feel that they are not given the students the best and are only there to make money. Because in the Daily Mail 2010, an article explained that the teachers are having to put up with more children as the classrooms are really low-down and that the teachers are having problems looking after more then 30 children in a class, which then makes it creates more issues as the teacher is finding it more tricky to teach as they will not be able to help the child to their full potential as different child will need different help.ConclusionWhy is teaching primary school a good profession when there are so many issues and many policies to learn?Teaching is a good professional field to go into as it gives a person something to give back. Becoming a teache r means that you will be able to challenge yourself and make use of all the skill you have learnt throughout your years.It also means that you will be able to fetch yourself and will learn to work together with teams. Becoming a teacher will help you become focus and make you independent. Becoming a teacher will help you be proud of your student, when you see them giving you smiles when they have achieved something. Also as a career, there are opportunities that can mean that you can move up the ladder. Also, the pay rate increases as you move up and the starting rate is from 20,000 per year and moves onwards.Another reason why this is a good professional is that as a teacher you will be able to learn new development and policies, that it will be very handy and you will be contently constantly learning training new things to improve your skills.Becoming a teacher will mean that you will have a pipeline security and will be able to travel the world and help teach other students as well, also it will make you feel young and livelier with the children. You also get the summer term and any other main holiday as well. And also teach new subjects that you may have not known about. Becoming a teacher is fun and will make you enjoy your life. It will also make you please that you are able to teach others and make them feel proud of themselves.

frosts early poems :: essays research papers

To refer to a group of Frosts poems as "early" is perhaps problematic One is tempted to think of the term as relative given that Frosts graduation exercise book of poetry appeared when he was already 39. Moreover, Frosts pattern of withholding poems from publication for long periods of time makes dating his work difficult. Many of the poems of the first book, A Boys Will, were, in fact, written long before--a few more than a decade earlier. Likewise, Frosts later books contain poems almost certainly written in the period discussed in this note. The " earliest Poems" considered here are a selection of well known verses published in the eleven years (1913-1923) spanned by Frosts first four books A Boys Will, spousal relationship of Boston, Mountain Interval, and New Hampshire.Frost famously likened the composition of free-verse poetry to playing tennis without a net it might be fun, but it "aint tennis." You will stimulate only tennis in the poems that follo w. And yet, even while Frost worked within form, he also worked the form itself, shaping it by his choice of language and his enjoyment of variation. He invented forms, too, when the poem required it. A theme in Frosts work is the need for some, but not total, freedom--for boundaries, too, can be liberating for the poet, and Frost perhaps knew this reform than anyone No American poet has wrought such memorable, personally identifiable, idiosyncratic poetry from such self-imposed, often traditional formulae. In these "early" years, Frost was concerned with perfecting what he termed "the sound of sense." This was "the abstract vitality of our speech...pure sound-- pure form" a rendering, in words, of raw sensory perception. The words, the form of the words, and the sounds they encode are as much the able of the poem as the subject is. Frost once wrote in a letter that to be a poet, one must "learn to get cadences by skillfully breaking the sounds of sens e with all their irregularity of accent across the regular beat of the metre." Thus, we read "Mowing" and simultaneously hear the swishing and whispering of the scythe upon recitation "Stopping by the Woods," one clearly hears the sweep of easy wind and downy flake to read "Birches" is to vividly sense the breezy stir that cracks and crazes the trees enamel. virtually of the lyrics treated in this note are relatively short, but Frost also pioneered the long dramatic lyric (represented here by "Home burial chamber").

Essay --

Culture is an integral bust of every society. Culture is a learned pattern of behavior or ways by which flock live their lives or how society behaves. Some characteristics of the culture of people or a society are their music, food, laws, arts, marriage, fetes among others. Ghana is the first sub-Saharan African demesne to gain its independence from the British in 1957. It is located in West Africa and it consists of different ethnic groups with different dialects. bingle such group is the Ga-Adangbe nation. The Ga-Adangbe tribe constitutes of the Adangbe and the Ga people of Ghana who form one ethnic group known as the Ga-Adangbe tribe. The Ga-Adangbe people inhabit the Accra Plains. The Adangbe people inhabit the eastern part of Accra while the Ga people inhabit the western part of Accra coastlands. The language of both ethnic groups is from a common proto-Ga-Adangbe ancestral language. on that point is one notable thing about these ethnic groups in Ghana and it is t heir culture of festivals. These festivals range from the naming of a child, puberty rites, marriage and funerals among other things. One of these fair festivals that this paper seeks to discuss is puberty rites. The Ashanti tribe who hail from the Ashante Region of Ghana and the Adangbe tribe who hail from Eastern Region of Ghana celebrate this beautiful festival called puberty rites. The Ashanti tribe of Ghana calls this festival or puberty rite Bragoro while the Adangbe people from the Eastern part of Ghana call it Dipo. My pore in this paper is how the Adangbe tribe celebrates the Dipo rite in Ghana.No other ritual, in the life of a female Krobo, is of greater importance than or come to to the dipo.Hugo Huber, 1963The Manya and the Yilo Krob... ...his study will therefore contribute to knowledge in these areas and possibly give ideas for future studies on the subject of the Dip custom.From the foregoing, Dipo is a festival of the Manya and Yilo Krobo tribe to celebrate the puberty of adolescent girls, encourage them to preserve their chastity and to prepare them for marriage. The girls learn lessons on womanhood in preparation leading up to the festival. The Dipo festival has gone through some modification due to some factors such as abuse of human rights. For example, the Krobo people believe that children that are born forward their mothers undergo the Dipo rite are cursed. So currently, children under the age of ten years undergo Dipo and not the adolescent girls to afford them to avoid having cursed children, as is their conviction and to avoid exposing their breast to the public during the ceremony.